Masood N. Khan M.D.
Metabolic Syndrome
Based upon the data obtained through numerous studies relating to cardiovascular disease focusing specially on the risk factors, the medical science has now clearly established a set of abnormal measurements and blood test results whose presence in any individual significantly increases the risk of heart attack and stroke. This condition is called Metabolic Syndrome. Lot of research and evidence-based data has gone into the identification of this condition. Diagnosis of Metabolic Syndrome is based upon following criteria:
- Abdominal (waist) circumference greater than 40 inches for men or 35 inches for women
- High blood pressure (hypertension)
- Hyperglycemia (fasting blood sugar more than 110 mg/dL)
- Elevated triglycerides (a type of fat in the bloodstream above 150
- Low levels of high-density lipoprotein, also known as HDL or “good cholesterol” when it is less than 50 in women and less than 40 in men
Having any three abnormalities out of five given above means that an individual is at high risk of developing diabetes, heart attack and stroke.
Diabetes in Metabolic Syndrome is caused mainly due to resistance produced in the body to the action of insulin meaning even though normal amount of insulin is produced, it is not as effective in its action as it should be at the cellular level. All of these are very dangerous diseases, potentially fatal.
In order to treat Metabolic Syndrome the first and foremost are lifestyle modifications which include weight loss, regular exercise, smoking cessation and reducing dietary fat intake. Losing just 10% of excess body weight lowers blood pressure and improves insulin resistance. In some individuals doctors may chose to prescribe medications to decrease blood pressure and lower triglycerides depending upon the urgency and presence of coexisting diseases.
Because the abnormalities present in Metabolic Syndrome are often linked, treating one aspect of this condition may have beneficial effect on others. vFor example, regular exercise can help lose weight, reduce blood pressure, and bring the blood glucose level to normal limits. Combining healthful eating with a regular exercise program is the cornerstone. Exercising regularly at least 30 minutes a day for 5 days a week (brisk walking, jogging or bicycling) has added benefit of keeping the body agile with sharp reflexes and a positive and confident attitude all of which if not prevent totally definitely retard the aging process to a great extent.